Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is caused by nerve compression at the wrist when it passes through the carpal tunnel on the palm side of the wrist (Figure 1).

Figure 1 Nerve compression at the carpal tunnel

The carpal tunnel is a passageway for nerves and tendons that control finger sensations and movements respectively.

Swelling or thickening of structures in or around the carpal tunnel may press on the median nerve, leading to tingling, numbness, pain and weakness, usually most prominent over the first three fingers.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome, and is characterized by numbness and tingling of the radial 3½ digits. It is found in one percent of the general population and increased incidence is noted in women, the elderly and pregnant patients.