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Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - What is it for

​Uterine fibroids are benign abnormal growths of the muscle wall of the uterus. They are sometimes referred to by several other names including leiomyoma and fibromyoma. Fibroids develop in up to 70% of women but only a small proportion of women with fibroids develop symptoms. If there are no symptoms there is no need to worry about fibroids. 

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Symptoms

Symptoms usually begin to appear in women in their 30s or 40s although younger women can also develop symptoms from fibroids. Symptoms tend to get improve after menopause, as the reduction in hormone levels reduces blood flow to the fibroids and they shrink.
Approximately 25% of women with fibroids have symptoms. The symptoms depend on the size and location of the fibroids. Common symptoms include: 
  • heavy or prolonged periods (menorrhagia)
  • anaemia - from prolonged heaving bleeding
  • painful periods (dysmenorrhea)
  • urinary incontinence/ urgency - difficulty or need to urinate frequently
  • infertility or miscarriage
  • pressure symptoms on the bowel leading to constipation
  • back pain and sciatica (pain in the lower back and down the leg)
  • abdominal swelling

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - How to prevent?

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Causes and Risk Factors

​There is a higher incidence in Afro-Caribbean women and those who don't have children. There is also thought to be a genetic connection, as fibroids sometimes run in families. Fibroids are also commoner in obese women.

Uterine Fibroids
Ultrasound images of a uterine fibroid

A) BeforeUterine Fibroids B) After

MRI of a large fibroid (a) before and (b) after uterine fibroid embolisation showing a successful treatment

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Diagnosis

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Treatments

Uterine Fibroid Embolisation (UFE) is a well-established treatment for uterine fibroids. It is minimally invasive procedure performed by an Interventional Radiologist. The fibroids begin to shrink with reduction in size of the fibroid by at least 50% or more within 3 months of the procedure. In some patients, the fibroids completely disappear altogether. The main advantage of the procedure is it is minimally invasive, performed under local anaesthetic, requires one night hospital stay and allows early return to normal activities.
 
Other treatments for uterine fibroids include hysteroscopic resection, endometrial ablation, myomectomy, hysterectomy and MR guided focussed ultrasound

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Preparing for surgery

Uterine Fibroids/ Uterine Fibroid Embolisation - Post-surgery care

​Following the UFE, you will be taken back to your room where you will be looked after by nursing staff familiar with embolisation procedures. You will need to lie in bed for a few hours. You will have a morphine pump and given medication for nausea due to the morphine. Most patients will be able to return home the next day and return to normal activities within one to two weeks after the procedure. Before you go home, appointments for an MRI scan and a 3 month follow up clinic appointment with your Interventional Radiology Consultant will be arranged. If you do have any concerns after discharge from hospital, you should get in touch to make an earlier appointment to see the doctor. 

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