The pelvic organs include the uterus, urethra, bladder, rectum and the vagina. These organs are all supported by the muscles of the pelvic floor and connective tissue called fascia.

Prolapse occurs when this support structure is weakened through various factors, like direct muscle trauma, neuropathic injury, disruption or stretching. In most cases, a combination of factors causes this damage.

The descent of one or more pelvic organs results in a protrusion of the uterus and/or vaginal wall, which may manifest as urinary, bowel, sexual or pelvic symptoms.